Unit+VI+-+P4

=Textbook p.772= = = =American forces fought in North Africa - in Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt - for their first action of WWII (1942-3). America was joining the fight to help recapture these countries from German/Axis control.= =Next stop was Italy. Then on to France - D-Day/Battle of Normandy (1944) (Saving Private Ryan).=

=Chapter 24 Overview=

=D. Key Terms so far= =1.Treaty of Versailles -= =2. Dictator= =3. Totalitarian= =4. Fascism - system where the country is the first priority, everything is focused on the glory of the state...Germany and Italy were Fascist Dictatorships= =5. Appeasement= =6. Hitler, Mussolini, Tojo= =7. Axis Powers= =8. Pearl Harbor= =9. Allied Powers - GB, France, the U.S. and other countries including the Soviet Union= =10. D-Day= =11. Dwight Eisenhower=

=G3. Military impact: Operations=
 * = 2-Front War - aka Two Theater War - In WWII, the U.S. was fighting in Europe and in the Pacific =
 * = Operation Torch - N Africa & Italy - the first fighting in WWII for American forces was in North Africa and then Italy =
 * = Operation Overlord - D-Day & Normandy - invasion of France to retake it from German control - led by the U.S. and General Eisenhower =
 * = Battle of the Bulge - As the Germans were getting close to defeat, they launched one last big offensive. It was temporarily successful, but they couldn't fight off the Allies for long. =
 * = Ending the Holocaust - As the Americans came from the west and the Soviets from the east, the Germans were defeated and all of the concentration camps were discovered. Any prisoners left were freed. =
 * =Slow start in the Pacific - the first few battles in the Pacific theater were won by Japan, America was struggling on that front. America even lost control of the Philippines to the Japanese.=
 * = Doolittle's Raid on Tokyo - bombing of Japan helps turn things around. April 1942. =
 * =Battles of Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Leyte Gulf, Iwo Jima, Okinawa - __ISLAND HOPPING__ in the PACIFIC - American forces win a number of battles in the Pacific - mostly air and sea battles - against Japan, going from island to island. Americans recaptured the Philippines, starting with the battle of Leyte Gulf, and then fought on Iwo Jima and Okinawa, getting very close to Japan's mainland (spring of 1945).=


 * =Code Talkers - Navajo Native Americans in the U.S. Marines who used their language to relay important messages that the Japanese couldn't decode=
 * =Kamikazes - Japanese suicide bomber pilots that flew their planes into American ships during WWII=

=H. Diplomacy at the end of WWII=
 * =Yalta Conference=
 * =Who: Allied leaders - FDR (U.S.), Winston Churchill (England), and Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union)=
 * =Where: the city of Yalta, in the Soviet Union=
 * =When: in February 1945 (war almost over)=
 * =Why: to discuss what to do with Germany and many other nations that had been under Axis control during the war=
 * =What happened:=
 * =Germany and its capital city of Berlin would be split up=
 * =Germany will not be punished this time=
 * =Stalin promised he would help run elections in Poland and other countries in need of new governments (but he did not keep this promise)=
 * =Stalin promised that after Germany was defeated he would help the U.S. defeat Japan if they could not do so within 3 months=
 * =Germany defeated on May 8, 1945...U.S. drops a-bomb on Hiroshima August 6, 1945...S.U. declares war on Japan on August 8, 1945...U.S. drops a-bomb on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945...Japan surrenders on August 15, 1945=


 * =FDR's death - Truman takes over as President, new leader for the U.S. at a very tough time=
 * [[image:http://mitchellarchives.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/fdr-dies-ff.jpg width="107" height="163" caption="April 12, 1945"]] ||
 * April 12, 1945 ||


 * =United Nations - created in June 1945 in order to try to keep world peace=
 * =Potsdam Conference - meeting in July of 1945 in Potsdam Germany after Germany's defeat=
 * =unsuccessful b/c Stalin no longer planning on holding elections in Poland and other European countries=
 * =Growing American fear of the spread of Soviet communism=

=I. Outcomes and Effects of WWII...including seeds of the Cold War=

=1. Allies oversee countries' rebuilding (ex: the U.S. greatly influenced the new Japanese constitution)= =2. The United Nations was created and still exists today (192 member nations)= =3. The world entered the age of nuclear weapons (nuclear proliferation)= =4. The government spending and jobs created by WWII ended the Great Depression= =5. The American military remained extremely large and only grew, as did America's military presence around the world = =6. Death toll - see chart below - which countries suffered the most from WWII? What are some other key observations from the death toll chart?= =7. The Start of the Cold War - the U.S. vs. the S.U.=